Avram Hershko

Avram Hershko
Premio Wolf per la medicina 2001
Premio Nobel per la chimica 2004

Avram Hershko (in ebraico: אברהם הרשקו; Karcag, 31 dicembre 1937) è un biochimico e biologo ungherese naturalizzato israeliano.

Carriera[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Emigrò in Israele nel 1950. Ricevette il dottorato in medicina nel 1965 e il suo Ph.D. nel 1969 dalla Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, a Gerusalemme. Attualmente è un Professore Emerito alla facoltà di medicina al Technion di Haifa.

Nel 2000 ha ricevuto l'Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. Insieme ad Aaron Ciechanover e Irwin Rose, gli è stato conferito il Premio Nobel per la chimica 2004 per la scoperta della degradazione delle proteine ubiquitina-dipendente^[1]. Il ciclo del proteasoma ubiquitina gioca un ruolo chiave nel mantenimento dell'omeostasi delle cellule e si pensa sia coinvolto nello sviluppo e nell'avanzamento di malattie come: tumori, malattie muscolari e neurologiche, risposte immunitarie ed infiammatorie.

Onorificenze e Premi[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

1987 - Weizmann Prize for Sciences (Israele)
1994 - Premio Israele in Biochimica
1999 - Gairdner International Award Canada (insieme a A. Varshavsky)
2000 - Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (insieme a A. Ciechanover e A. Varshavsky).
2001 - Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz dalla Columbia University
2001 - Premio Wolf in Medicina, Gerusalemme
2003 - Foreign Associate, National Academy of Sciences, USA
2004 - Premio Nobel per la chimica

Pubblicazioni[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

(EN) Avram Hershko, Aaron Ciechanover, Hanna Heller, Arthur L. Haas e Irwin A. Rose, Proposed role of ATP in protein breakdown: Conjugation of proteins with multiple chains of the polypeptide of ATP-dependent proteolysis, in PNAS, vol. 77, n. 4, 1980, pp. 1783-1786.
(EN) Avram Hershko, Hanna Heller, Sara Elias e Aaron Ciechanover, Components of ubiquitin-protein ligase system: resolution, affinity purification and role in protein breakdown, in Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 258, 1983, pp. 8206-8214.
(EN) A. Hershko, E. Leshinsky, D. Ganoth e H. Heller, ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates, in PNAS, vol. 81, n. 6, 1984, pp. 1619-1623.
(EN) A. Hershko, H. Heller, E. Eytan e Y. Reiss, The protein substrate binding site of the ubiquitin-protein ligase system, in Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 261, 1986, pp. 11992-11999.
(EN) D. Ganoth, E. Leshinsky, E. Eytan e A. Hershko, A multicomponent system that degrades proteins conjugated to ubiquitin. Resolution of components and evidence for ATP-dependent complex formation, in Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 263, 1988, pp. 12412-12419.
(EN) V. Sudakin, H. Heller, A. Hershko et al., The cyclosome, a large complex containing cyclin-selective ubiquitin ligase activity, targets cyclins for destruction at the end of mitosis, in Molecular Biology of the Cell, vol. 6, n. 2, 1995, pp. 185-198.

Note[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

^ (EN) Premi Nobel per la chimica nel 2004

Altri progetti[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Avram Hershko

Collegamenti esterni[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

(EN) Avram Hershko, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
(EN) Avram Hershko, su nobelprize.org.
"Hungarian" Nobel Prize winners Crooked Timber
Avram Hershko Jewish Virtual Library
Due israeliani vincono il Nobel per la chimica Archiviato il 19 dicembre 2005 in Internet Archive. su Isracast
Sito ufficiale del premio Louisa Gross Horwitz, su cumc.columbia.edu.

V · D · M Vincitori del Premio Nobel per la chimica
1901 - 1925	Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1901) • Emil Fischer (1902) • Svante Arrhenius (1903) • William Ramsay (1904) • Adolf von Baeyer (1905) • Henri Moissan (1906) • Eduard Buchner (1907) • Ernest Rutherford (1908) • Wilhelm Ostwald (1909) • Otto Wallach (1910) • Marie Curie (1911) • Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier (1912) • Alfred Werner (1913) • Theodore Richards (1914) • Richard Willstätter (1915) • Fritz Haber (1918) • Walther Nernst (1920) • Frederick Soddy (1921) • Francis Aston (1922) • Fritz Pregl (1923) • Richard Zsigmondy (1925)
1926 - 1950	Theodor Svedberg (1926) • Heinrich Wieland (1927) • Adolf Windaus (1928) • Arthur Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin (1929) • Hans Fischer (1930) • Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius (1931) • Irving Langmuir (1932) • Harold Urey (1934) • Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Irène Joliot-Curie (1935) • Peter Debye (1936) • Walter Haworth, Paul Karrer (1937) • Richard Kuhn (1938) • Adolf Butenandt, Lavoslav Ružička (1939) • George de Hevesy (1943) • Otto Hahn (1944) • Artturi Virtanen (1945) • James B. Sumner, John Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley (1946) • Robert Robinson (1947) • Arne Tiselius (1948) • William Giauque (1949) • Otto Diels, Kurt Alder (1950)
1951 - 1975	Edwin McMillan, Glenn T. Seaborg (1951) • Archer Martin, Richard Synge (1952) • Hermann Staudinger (1953) • Linus Pauling (1954) • Vincent du Vigneaud (1955) • Cyril Hinshelwood, Nikolaj Semënov (1956) • Alexander Todd (1957) • Frederick Sanger (1958) • Jaroslav Heyrovský (1959) • Willard Libby (1960) • Melvin Calvin (1961) • Max Perutz, John Kendrew (1962) • Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta (1963) • Dorothy Hodgkin (1964) • Robert Woodward (1965) • Robert Mulliken (1966) • Manfred Eigen, Ronald Norrish, George Porter (1967) • Lars Onsager (1968) • Derek Barton, Odd Hassel (1969) • Luis Federico Leloir (1970) • Gerhard Herzberg (1971) • Christian Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William Stein (1972) • E. O. Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson (1973) • Paul Flory (1974) • John Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog (1975)
1976 - 2000	William Lipscomb (1976) • Il'ja Prigožin (1977) • Peter Mitchell (1978) • Herbert Brown, Georg Wittig (1979) • Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger (1980) • Ken'ichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann (1981) • Aaron Klug (1982) • Henry Taube (1983) • Robert Merrifield (1984) • Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle (1985) • Dudley Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John Polanyi (1986) • Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen (1987) • Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel (1988) • Sidney Altman, Thomas Cech (1989) • Elias Corey (1990) • Richard R. Ernst (1991) • Rudolph Marcus (1992) • Kary Mullis, Michael Smith (1993) • George Olah (1994) • Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina, Frank Rowland (1995) • Robert Curl, Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley (1996) • Paul Boyer, John Ernest Walker, Jens Skou (1997) • Walter Kohn, John Pople (1998) • Ahmed Zewail (1999) • Alan Jay Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa (2000)
2001 - oggi	William Knowles, Ryōji Noyori, Barry Sharpless (2001) • John B. Fenn, Kōichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich (2002) • Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon (2003) • Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose (2004) • Robert Grubbs, Richard Schrock, Yves Chauvin (2005) • Roger D. Kornberg (2006) • Gerhard Ertl (2007) • Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, Roger Tsien (2008) • Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas Steitz, Ada Yonath (2009) • Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, Akira Suzuki (2010) • Dan Shechtman (2011) • Brian Kobilka, Robert Lefkowitz (2012) • Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, Arieh Warshel (2013) • Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, William Moerner (2014) • Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, Aziz Sancar (2015) • Jean-Pierre Sauvage, James Fraser Stoddart, Bernard Feringa (2016) • Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, Richard Henderson (2017) • Frances Hamilton Arnold, George Pieczenik Smith, Gregory Paul Winter (2018) • John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, Akira Yoshino (2019) • Emmanuelle Charpentier, Jennifer Doudna (2020) • David MacMillan, Benjamin List (2021) • Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, Barry Sharpless (2022) • Moungi Bawendi, Aleksej Ekimov, Louis Brus

V · D · M

Vincitori Premio Wolf - Categoria Medicina

George Snell - Jean Dausset - Jon J. van Rood (1978) · Roger Sperry - Arvid Carlsson - Oleh Hornykiewicz (1979) · César Milstein - Leo Sachs - James Learmonth Gowans (1980) · Barbara McClintock - Stanley Cohen (1981) · Jean-Pierre Changeux - Solomon H. Snyder - James W. Black (1982) · Donald Steiner (1985) · Osamu Hayaishi (1986) · Pedro Cuatrecasas - Meir Wilchek (1987) · Henri-Géry Hers - Elizabeth F. Neufeld (1988) · John Gurdon - Edward Bok Lewis (1989) · Maclyn McCarty (1990) · Seymour Benzer (1991) · Judah Folkman (1992) · Michael Berridge - Yasutomi Nishizuka (1995) · Stanley Ben Prusiner (1996) · Mary Frances Lyon (1997) · Michael Sela - Ruth Arnon (1998) · Eric Kandel (1999) · Avram Hershko - Alexander Varshavsky (2001) · Ralph L. Brinster - Mario Renato Capecchi - Oliver Smithies (2003) · Robert Weinberg - Roger Yonchien Tsien (2004) · Alexander Levitzki - Anthony R. Hunter - Anthony Pawson (2005) · Howard Cedar - Aharon Razin (2008) · Axel Ullrich (2010) · Shin'ya Yamanaka - Rudolf Jaenisch (2011) · Ronald M. Evans (2012) · Nahum Sonenberg - Gary Ruvkun - Victor Ambros (2014) · John Kappler - Philippa Marrack - Jeffrey Ravetch (2015) · C. Ronald Kahn - Lewis C. Cantley (2016) · James Patrick Allison (2017) · Jeffrey M. Friedman (2019) · Emmanuelle Charpentier - Jennifer Doudna (2020) · Joan Steitz - Lynne Elizabeth Maquat - Adrian Krainer (2021) · Daniel Drucker (2023)

Agricoltura · Arti · Chimica · Fisica · Matematica · Medicina

V · D · M

Vincitori del Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz (Columbia University)

Luis Federico Leloir (1967) · Har Gobind Khorana, Marshall Warren Nirenberg (1968) · Max Delbrück, Salvatore Luria (1969) · Albert Claude, George Emil Palade, Keith R. Porter (1970) · Hugh E. Huxley (1971) · Stephen W. Kuffler (1972) · Renato Dulbecco, Harry Eagle, Theodore T. Puck (1973) · Boris Ephrussi (1974) · Sune Bergström, Bengt Samuelsson (1975) · Seymour Benzer, Charles Yanofsky (1976) · Michael Heidelberger, Elvin A. Kabat, Henry G. Kunkel (1977) · David Hubel, Vernon Mountcastle, Torsten Wiesel (1978) · Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger (1979) · César Milstein (1980) · Aaron Klug (1981) · Barbara McClintock, Susumu Tonegawa (1982) · Stanley Cohen, Viktor Hamburger, Rita Levi-Montalcini (1983) · Michael Stuart Brown, Joseph Goldstein (1984) · Donald D. Brown, Mark Ptashne (1985) · Erwin Neher, Bert Sakmann (1986) · Günter Blobel (1987) · Thomas R. Cech, Phillip Sharp (1988) · Alfred Gilman, Edwin Krebs (1989) · Stephen Harrison, Michael G. Rossmann, Don C. Wiley (1990) · Richard R. Ernst, Kurt Wüthrich (1991) · Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Edward Bok Lewis (1992) · Nicole Le Douarin, Donald Metcalf (1993) · Philippa Marrack, John Kappler (1994) · Leland Hartwell (1995) · Clay M. Armstrong, Bertil Hille (1996) · Stanley Prusiner (1997) · Arnold J. Levine, Bert Vogelstein (1998) · Pierre Chambon, Robert Roeder, Robert Tjian (1999) · H. Robert Horvitz, Stanley J. Korsmeyer (2000) · Avram Hershko, Alexander Varshavsky (2001) · James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman (2002) · Roderick MacKinnon (2003) · Tony Hunter, Tony Pawson (2004) · Ada Yonath (2005) · Roger David Kornberg (2006) · Joseph G. Gall, Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W. Greider (2007) · F. Ulrich Hartl, Arthur Horwich, Rosalind Franklin (2008) · Victor R. Ambros, Gary Ruvkun (2009) · Thomas J. Kelly, Bruce Stillman (2010) · Jeffrey Connor Hall, Michael Rosbash, Michael Warren Young (2011) · Richard Losick, Joe Lutkenhaus, Lucy Shapiro (2012) · Edvard Moser, May-Britt Moser, John O’Keefe (2013) · James Patrick Allison (2014) · S. Lawrence Zipursky (2015) · Howard Cedar, Aharon Razin, Gary Felsenfeld (2016) · Jeffrey I. Gordon (2017) · Pierre Chambon, Ronald M. Evans, Bert O’Malley (2018) · Lewis C. Cantley, David M. Sabatini, Peter K. Vogt (2019) · Robert Fettiplace, James Hudspeth, Christine Petit (2020)

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 65563464 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 5394 0574 · LCCN (EN) n88163753 · GND (DE) 1103034480 · J9U (EN, HE) 987007460173305171 · WorldCat Identities (EN) lccn-n88163753

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Avram Hershko

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